| Climate Iraq :
| mostly desert; mild to cool winters with dry, hot, cloudless summers; northern mountainous regions along Iranian and Turkish borders experience cold winters with occasionally heavy snows that melt in early spring, sometimes causing extensive flooding in central and southern Iraq
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| Terrain Iraq :
| mostly broad plains; reedy marshes along Iranian border in south with large flooded areas; mountains along borders with Iran and Turkey
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| Elevation extremes lowest Iraq :
| Persian Gulf 0 m
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| Elevation extremes highest Iraq :
| unamed peak 3,611 m; note - this peak is not Gundah Zhur 3,607 m or Kuh-e Hajji-Ebrahim 3,595 m
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| Natural resources Iraq :
| petroleum, natural gas, phosphates, sulfur
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| Land use arableland Iraq :
| 13,15%
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| Irrigated land Iraq :
| 35,250 sq km (1998 est.)
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| Natural hazards Iraq :
| dust storms, sandstorms, floods
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| Environment current issues Iraq :
| government water control projects have drained most of the inhabited marsh areas east of An Nasiriyah by drying up or diverting the feeder streams and rivers; a once sizable population of Marsh Arabs, who inhabited these areas for thousands of years, has been displaced; furthermore, the destruction of the natural habitat poses serious threats to the area's wildlife populations; inadequate supplies of potable water; development of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers system contingent upon agreements with upstream riparian Turkey; air and water pollution; soil degradation (salination) and erosion; desertification
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| Geography note Iraq :
| strategic location on Shatt al Arab waterway and at the head of the Persian Gulf
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