| Climate Kazakhstan :
| continental, cold winters and hot summers, arid and semiarid
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| Terrain Kazakhstan :
| extends from the Volga to the Altai Mountains and from the plains in western Siberia to oases and desert in Central Asia
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| Elevation extremes lowest Kazakhstan :
| Vpadina Kaundy -132 m
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| Elevation extremes highest Kazakhstan :
| Khan Tangiri Shyngy (Pik Khan-Tengri) 6,995 m
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| Natural resources Kazakhstan :
| major deposits of petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, manganese, chrome ore, nickel, cobalt, copper, molybdenum, lead, zinc, bauxite, gold, uranium
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| Land use arableland Kazakhstan :
| 7,98%
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| Irrigated land Kazakhstan :
| 23,320 sq km (1998 est.)
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| Natural hazards Kazakhstan :
| earthquakes in the south, mudslides around Almaty
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| Environment current issues Kazakhstan :
| radioactive or toxic chemical sites associated with former defense industries and test ranges scattered throughout the country pose health risks for humans and animals; industrial pollution is severe in some cities; because the two main rivers which flowed into the Aral Sea have been diverted for irrigation, it is drying up and leaving behind a harmful layer of chemical pesticides and natural salts; these substances are then picked up by the wind and blown into noxious dust storms; pollution in the Caspian Sea; soil pollution from overuse of agricultural chemicals and salination from poor infrastructure and wasteful irrigation practices
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| Geography note Kazakhstan :
| landlocked; Russia leases approximately 6,000 sq km of territory enclosing the Baykonur Cosmodrome; in January 2004, Kazakhstan and Russia extended the lease to 2050
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