| Terrain Panama :
| interior mostly steep, rugged mountains and dissected, upland plains; coastal areas largely plains and rolling hills
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| Natural hazards Panama :
| occasional severe storms and forest fires in the Darien area
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| Environment current issues Panama :
| water pollution from agricultural runoff threatens fishery resources; deforestation of tropical rain forest; land degradation and soil erosion threatens siltation of Panama Canal; air pollution in urban areas; mining threatens natural resources
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| Environment international agreements party to Panama :
| Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
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| Geography note Panama :
| strategic location on eastern end of isthmus forming land bridge connecting North and South America; controls Panama Canal that links North Atlantic Ocean via Caribbean Sea with North Pacific Ocean
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| Flag description Panama :
| divided into four, equal rectangles; the top quadrants are white (hoist side) with a blue five-pointed star in the center and plain red; the bottom quadrants are plain blue (hoist side) and white with a red five-pointed star in the center
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| Agriculture products Panama :
| bananas, rice, corn, coffee, sugarcane, vegetables; livestock; shrimp
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| Industries Panama :
| construction, petroleum refining, brewing, cement and other construction materials, sugar milling
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