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Capital Turkmenistan : |
Ashgabat .
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| Land Boudaries Border Country Turkmenistan :
| Afghanistan 744 km, Iran 992 km, Kazakhstan 379 km, Uzbekistan 1,621 km .
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| Climate Turkmenistan :
| subtropical desert .
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| Life expectancy Turkmenistan :
| 61.29 years .
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| Fertility rate Turkmenistan :
| 3.45 children born/woman (2004 est.) .
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| Government type Turkmenistan :
| republic .
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| Population Turkmenistan :
| 4,863,169 (July 2004 est.) .
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| Area Total Turkmenistan :
| 488,100 sq km .
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| Telephones Main Lines In Use Turkmenistan :
| 374,000 (2002) .
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| Telephones Mobile Cellular Turkmenistan :
| 8,200 (2002) .
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| International Country Code Turkmenistan :
| 993.
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| Sex ratio total Turkmenistan :
| 0.98 male(s)/female (2004 est.) .
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| Sex Turkmenistan ratio under 15 :
| 1.06 male(s)/female .
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| Sex Turkmenistan ratio 15 64 :
| 0.96 male(s)/female .
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| Sex Turkmenistan ratio 65 :
| 0.62 male(s)/female .
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| Current account balance Turkmenistan :
| $957 million (2003) |
| HIV Turkmenistan :
| less than 0.1% (2004 est.) |
| Population below poverty line Turkmenistan :
| 34.4% (2001 est.) |
| Literacy Turkmenistan :
| 98% |
| House hold income lowest than 10% Turkmenistan :
| 2,60% |
| House hold income highest than 10% Turkmenistan :
| 31.7% (1998) |
| Inflation Turkmenistan :
| 9.5% (2003 est.) |
| Unemployment Rate Turkmenistan :
| NA |
| Internet Users Turkmenistan :
| 8,000 (2002) |
| Location Turkmenistan :
| Central Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Kazakhstan |
| Geographic Coordinates Turkmenistan :
| 40 00 N, 60 00 E |
| Religion Turkmenistan :
| Muslim 89%, Eastern Orthodox 9%, unknown 2% |
| Administrative region Turkmenistan :
| 5 provinces (welayatlar, singular - welayat): Ahal Welayaty (Ashgabat), Balkan Welayaty (Balkanabat), Dasoguz Welayaty, Lebap Welayaty (Turkmenabat), Mary Welayaty |
| Terrain Turkmenistan :
| flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes rising to mountains in the south; low mountains along border with Iran; borders Caspian Sea in west |
| Elevation extremes lowest Turkmenistan :
| Vpadina Akchanaya -81 m; note - Sarygamysh Koli is a lake in northern Turkmenistan with a water level that fluctuates above and below the elevation of Vpadina Akchanaya (the lake has dropped as low as -110 m) |
| Elevation extremes highest Turkmenistan :
| Gora Ayribaba 3,139 m |
| Natural resources Turkmenistan :
| petroleum, natural gas, coal, sulfur, salt |
| Land use arable land Turkmenistan :
| 3,72% |
| Land use permanentcrops Turkmenistan :
| 0,14% |
| Irrigated land Turkmenistan :
| 17,500 sq km (2003 est.) |
| Natural hazards Turkmenistan :
| NA |
| Environment current issues Turkmenistan :
| contamination of soil and groundwater with agricultural chemicals, pesticides; salination, water-logging of soil due to poor irrigation methods; Caspian Sea pollution; diversion of a large share of the flow of the Amu Darya into irrigation contributes to that river's inability to replenish the Aral Sea; desertification |
| Geography note Turkmenistan :
| landlocked; the western and central low-lying, desolate portions of the country make up the great Garagum (Kara-Kum) desert, which occupies over 80% of the country; eastern part is plateau |
| Turkmenistan :
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